Oriental Institute Journal, 2020, №48 (4)
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LITERARY STUDIES
UDC 81 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/6-14
National literature created with the help of various types of writing is common in countries and territories in East Asia that use the Han script (Chinese characters). The Han script is a tool for creating literature with characteristics common to the entire region, while the local forms of writing give uniqueness to the literatures of some countries and territories. This report is not a specific study of a particular author, work or literary trend, but is a complete overview of the normative issue of oriental literature in the medieval period. This point of view is used to explain the general characteristics of the East Asian component of Vietnamese written literature, as well as to study the unique characteristics of this area. The coexistence and interaction of the Han and Nom scripts is a distinctive feature of a regional nature, but each script has certain features that create a unique literary background in a situation of a variety of scripts and sections of literature that have their own distinctive features. The direction of research in this work is determined by the presence of a common writing system for identifying regional problems, and is also based on general rules for finding specific features.
Key words: Vietnam, writing, Vietnamese language, history, medieval literature, Han, Nom
LINGUISTICS
UDC 811.521 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/15-25
The article explores the tendencies of medical slang usage in Japanese hospitals. A questionnaire-style survey was conducted accordingly with the participation of 70 nurses from different departments in the Kansai region of Japan and proved effective in helping us zero in on the use of medical slang. The collected expressions were divided into three groups: 1 сommon slang expressions; 2 less common slang expressions; 3 not common slang expressions. The expressions from the first group appeared to be used by most nurse participants of our survey. These expressions were considered to be common to all departments and medical facilities. In contrast to these more frequently occurring expressions, our study also revealed a number of less common expressions that would appear to have fallen out of fashion with time. Some of these not commonly used expressions appeared to be highly parochial slang expressions endemic to specific departments or hospitals. Also, much emphasis was placed on the variety of lexical forms of medical slang in the Japanese language.
Key words: Japan, the Japanese language, professional communication, medical terminology, medical slang, usage tendencies
UDC 811.112.2 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/26-36
The article examines cultural and linguistic contacts between Germany and Korea; ways of adequate rendering of the Korean xenonyms, occurring in literary works of modern Korean writers, in German; existing systems of romanization of Korean borrowings and the difference between these systems conducive to the emergence of confusing doublets; phonographic and morphological assimilation of Korean words into German. The relevance of this study is determined by the insufficient research on Korean borrowings and their role in modern German. When translating Korean literature, German translators encounter culturally loaded lexical units, which are cognates of foreign, or “external”, culture. Most of the explanatory German-German dictionaries are linguistic, which means that a significant part of Korean realia – words referring to Korean cultural realities – as purely encyclopedic linguistic units do not find their way into the dictionary and often become a problem for the translator to handle.
Key words: Korean xenonyms, phonographic and grammatical assimilation of borrowings, cultural and linguistic contacts, Roman writing
POLITICS & POLICY
UDC 328 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/37-52
Parliamentary elections in Mongolia in the 21st century are accompanied by a struggle between the two largest political parties – the Mongolian People's Party and the Democratic Party. They do not have a strong competitor as an alternative among the "third" parties, especially in the actual conditions of the fragmented political space. As a part of the political struggle, both parties try to respond to social challenges, to balance the approval and dissatisfaction of the electorate or elites. Both parties are structurally interdependent on each other and on internal political events that significantly influence their short-run strategy. If we consider the dynamics of the rivalry of these parties over several electoral cycles, we should “set the framework” for assessing the electoral processes in Mongolia through the prism of political actions. Situational planning of foreign policy, changes in electoral legislation, and imperfect representation of political agents in Khural have become new political routines in Mongolia.
Key words: Mongolia, State Great Khural, parliament, electoral cycle, Mongolian People's Party, Democratic Party
UDC 323+327 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/53-60
Evgeny E. VLASOV, NGUYEN Anh Nam Vietnam’s Chairmanship of ASEAN Amid a Pandemic
As ASEAN chairman during 2020, Vietnam faced a number of challenges and constraints, one of the most severe was the Covid-19 pandemic. It could seriously hinder the implementation of the carefully planned activities. Due to increasingly active role of all bodies of the Vietnam’s political system, the country managed to overcome the crisis and achieve a successful year for both - the chairman state and the ASEAN community. Vietnam's political leadership decided to mobilize the army, police, local authorities, private business, and citizens to fight the pandemic. Moreover, civil initiatives helped low-income people to cope with the difficulties of the pandemic. The Vietnamese government was able to take control of the situation in the country quickly and start to handle international issues. The epidemiological security success of Vietnam was extrapolated to work within ASEAN and was reflected in the country's international agenda.
Key words: ASEAN chairmanship, Covid-19 pandemic, the Communist Party of Vietnam, 13-th National Party Congress
UDC 327 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/61-75
The article examines the preliminary outcomes of the Nine Bridges initiative launched by the Republic of Korea’s President Moon Jae-in in 2017, with the goal of the initiative being to enhance economic ties between South Korea and Russia. The article assesses the current state of Russia-ROK cooperation in the Nine Bridges’ priority sectors, as well as provides an overall evaluation of the Russia-ROK economic interaction. Three and a half years after the start of the Nine Bridges the level of business ties between Russia and South Korea has not appreciably increased. Indeed, there has even been some degradation, compared to the pre-Nine Bridges period. The Nine Bridges initiative of President Moon Jae-in created some expectations in Russia but has failed to produce tangible progress in the economic cooperation of Russia and the ROK.
Key words: Russia, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Far East, Russia – South Korea relations, the Nine Bridges, Moon Jae-in
SOCIETY
UDC 376.42 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/76-89
Awareness of the value of human health and life forms modern attention to the problems of socialization of people with disabilities. The presented analysis of the development of inclusive education in the countries of the Asia-Pacific region (South Korea, China, Russia). Allows to make a comparative analysis of traditions, views on the formation in societies with different historical development of attitudes towards people with disabilities. Highlighting the factors of common approaches implies the possibility of creating a unified research base, testing and implementing inclusive technologies and psychological nd educational support for children with special educational needs in the context of training specialists in Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU).
Key words: inclusive education, disabilities, special educational needs, integration, socialization, adaptation, maladjustment, inclusive culture of society
UDC 327 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/90-100
In this article the experience of overcoming the epidemic of the Covid-19 virus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is considered. The measures taken by the state to prevent the spread of the disease as well as its negative impact on economic development are analyzed. Methods of countering the coronavirus epidemic, implemented in various countries, have become one of the most discussed issues in academic and political discourse, and the Vietnam’s way to prevent mass infection deserves special attention because this state was among the first ones to face the epidemic and demonstrates successful results in overcoming coronavirus. The article contains data and the comparison results of the number of incidence of Covid-19 in the countries of Northeast and Southeast Asia. The work represents the opinions of different experts concerning Vietnam’s domestic policy to resist new type of coronavirus and overcome its negative consequences including their critical estimations of whether government’s actions were successful. The methodological basis of the work includes the analysis of research results of domestic and foreign authors, as well as documents and statistics in a discussed problem.
Key words: pandemic, Covid-19, Vietnam, epidemic prevention measures, socio-economic sphere, political sphere
CULTURE
UDC [39+229.5](597):316.42 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/101-117
PHẠM Lan Oanh Changing Vietnamese Folk Beliefs in the Context of Globalization
In the context of modern globalization, the popular beliefs of the Vietnamese are actively influenced and changed. In this article, the author focuses on two main aspects: the first analyzes beliefs and religions from the point of view of social institutions, and the second explores scientific approaches to the study of popular beliefs and current trends in their development. This emphasizes the impact of globalization, which is leading to a change in popular beliefs in the folk culture of Vietnam today. The author attempts to make certain predictions and give a number of recommendations about what strengths Vietnamese folk beliefs have and how to reinforce them, as well as how to limit the negative impact from globalization on them today.
Key words: globalization, Vietnam, folk beliefs, traditional culture, changes in folk beliefs, social institutions
ROUNDTABLE
doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/118-132
The round table discussed the concept of internal colonization by Alexander Etkind. The participants noted the politicization and pretentiousness of Etkind's given approach. Leonid Blyakher notes two of its features: 1) an orientation towards literary discourse and 2) a narrow focus on a specific group of Western and Russian intellectuals from the capital. Alexander Demyanenko notes that Etkind's approach to understanding colonization does not reflect its essence in the conditions of pre-revolutionary Russia. Elvira Leontyeva, while recognizing the literary merit of Etkind's texts, is critical of his attempt to formulate a comprehensive view of colonization. Olga Symonenko notes the weak structure of Etkind's tests, which does not allow to clearly understand the author's thou.
ARCHIVE
UDC 39+929 doi: dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2020-4/133-139
Amir A. KHISAMUTDINOV Vladimir K. Arseniev and the Sternberg Family of Ethnographers
The publication is devoted to the relations of Vladimir Klavdievich Arsenyev (1872–1930) with the Sternberg family from Leningrad. Arseniev first met Lev Yakovlevich Sternberg (1861–1927) in Khabarovsk (1910) and maintained close relations with him until his death. V. K. Arsenyev intended to devote his work “Country of Udekhe” to Sternberg, calling him his mentor. Attached to the publication are three letters from ethnographer Sarra Arkadyevna Ratner-Sternberg (1870–1942) to Arseniev. Her letters are published for the first time. From these letters one can learn what was done to perpetuate the memory of L. Ya. Sternberg. Also, publications by L. Ya. Sternberg, donated to V. K. Arseniev, his autographs are given, Arseniev's litters are indicated. These materials can be used to analyze their relationship. For the publication, materials from the archive and library of the Society for the Study of the Amur Region (Obtchesvo izuchenia Amurskogo kraya, Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Vladivostok) were used.
Key words: V. K. Arseniev, L. Ya. Sternberg, S. A. Sternberg, ethnography, correspondence, OIAC, Arseniev private Library